“What’s the difference between a Bookkeeper, Financial Accountant and a Management Accountant? 

When do I use one over the other?

Bookkeeper
A bookkeeper is required to keep records of its business transactions into an accounting system like Xero. These transactions include sales, purchases, payroll, collection of accounts receivable, payment of bills, bank reconciliations, and travel receipts. To be good at their job, at a minimum, they must have a basic understanding of accounting terms and your industry, be very organized and conscientious, and consistently meet deadlines. Timing is everything to a small business owner: they need their bills paid on time, invoices sent in a timely manner, money collected on time, and employees paid on time. A bookkeeper may or may not have a degree in accounting. Most small business owners lack the time or the skills to do their own bookkeeping, so they hire someone or use the services of a bookkeeping firm.

Financial Accountant
An accountant often provides expertise in two areas: financial reporting and income tax planning and preparation. For financial reporting, accountants will store, review, summarize, and present the financial information in various reports for analysis. They may also work with the business owner to create an annual budget. Once the fiscal year is closed, they may also prepare and file income taxes on behalf of the business owner as well as provide tax planning for future years. Unlike a bookkeeper, an accountant should be degreed with at least a bachelor’s degree in accounting. A good accountant will be knowledgeable, responsive, and have great communication skills, especially in explaining what the numbers mean in a way the business owner understands.

Management Accountant
Where the bookkeeper and financial accountant create and provide historical financial information, a management accountant helps the business owner understand the numbers. The management accountant uses this financial information and other information to look ahead, collaborating with the business owner on the future growth and profitability of the business. A management accountant analyzes financial data to understand what the business is currently experiencing but more importantly to make credible recommendations on the financial actions an owner needs to take to reach his or her future goals. They often focuses on cash flow (where’s the money coming and going), profit margins (how much is being made on products and services), labor utilization (percent of billable hours), inventory and accounts receivable turnover (how quickly are you getting your money back), etc. A good management accountant listens and collaborates with the business owner on the owner’s growth and profitability goals, then provides the financial analysis and recommendations to make it a reality. 

As you can see, bookkeepers, financial accountants and management accountant all provide unique, critical accounting and financial expertise that all small business owners need. Where small business owners get in trouble is when they try to use a bookkeeper as an financial accountant, a financial accountant as a management accountant, etc. At KREA Group, we completely understand this, so that’s why we provide services to assist you with understanding your business needs.